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| Tweet Topic Started: Mar 28 2016, 06:28 AM (684 Views) | |
| Jos1311 | Mar 28 2016, 06:28 AM Post #1 |
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| Jos1311 | Apr 7 2016, 03:49 AM Post #2 |
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Olympic Games in Lake Placid come to an end February 1980 ![]() LAKE PLACID | United States -- As the Olympic flag was lowered during closing ceremonies, the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid came to an end. The 13th Olympic Winter Games saw a total of 1,072 athletes participate in 38 events in ten different disciplines. In total nearly 7,000 volunteers made the Games in Lake Placid possible. The Games also saw the introduction of artificial snow. To guarantee that all events took place in the best possible conditions, machines were used to produce artificial snow, the first time this had been done at the Olympic Games. The great Swedish skier Ingemar Stenmark won the giant slalom and the slalom. In both races he was behind on the first run, but came back sensationally on the second. Hanni Wenzel did the same in the women’s races, making her nation, Liechtenstein, the smallest country to produce an Olympic champion. Germany’s Ulrich Wehling won the Nordic combined for the third time, and Russian pairs skater Irina Rodnina achieved the same feat in her event. In the biathlon relay, Aleksandr Tikhonov of the USSR earned his fourth straight gold medal, while his compatriot Nikolay Zimyatov earned three gold medals in cross country skiing. American speed skater Eric Heiden won all five speed skating events from 500m all the way up to 10,000m, setting an Olympic record in every one. He became the first person in Olympic history to win five gold medals in individual events at the same Games. The medal table was topped by the Soviet Union, which won a total of ten gold medals, one more than the number two on the list, East Germany. ![]() For many Americans the most memorable moment however will not be the total medal count of the United States, but an event that became known as the "Miracle on Ice" in the US press. On Friday, February 22 the United States men's ice hockey team, composed mostly of collegiate players and not predicted to advance beyond group play, defeated the heavily favored Soviet team and went on to defeat Finland to win the gold. The United States team's 4–3 win over the Soviet team, which came into the 1980 Games having won 4 consecutive Olympic gold medals, became known as the "Miracle on Ice" in the US press. The win captured the hearts of Americans during a time of Cold War tensions, even though it was the win against Finland that captured the gold medal. |
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| Jos1311 | Apr 8 2016, 02:39 AM Post #3 |
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Moscow ready for the Olympics 1980 April 1980 ![]() MOSCOW | Soviet Union -- Preparations for the 1980 Summer Olympics are on schedule according to Soviet officials. "The Grand Arena; Central Lenin Stadium will be the primary venue with a capacity of no less than 100,000 taking seat in the surroundings of great Soviet architecture and engineering," one official told WWN. Adding that representatives of the IOC have already expressed their acknowledgement of the professionalism and passion shown by the Soviet planners. The official further remarked that "supreme infrastructure will allow participants and visitors to fully focus on absorbing the atmosphere of this most important event," in what some journalists have described as an effort by Moscow to compete with the United States in the field of sports as well. "It appears that both superpowers are trying to confront each other in every field, and that the Cold War is also continuing in the Olympic arena," one journalist said. The sports fans will however look forward to welcome such prolific sportsmen as Marathon runner, Waldemar Cierpinski of the German Democratic Republic, Heavyweight Boxing star and jewel of Cuba, Teófilo Stevenson trained by Andrei Chervonenko and Soviet gymnast Nikolai Andrianov who won gold on floor at both Munich and Montreal. While Soviet oficials have, on several occasions, stated that the Olympics of Moscow will be held in an atmosphere of peace and liberty; showcasing the Olympics as a platform of comradely relations and friendship amongst the participants. There are still concerns among some that political events in the world could still have their effect upon the upcoming Summer Olympics. _____ Soviet Union: Domestic popularity: +1.00% |
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| Jos1311 | Apr 12 2016, 01:20 AM Post #4 |
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Pakistan Ordinance Factories to expand capabilities May 1980 ![]() ISLAMABAD | Pakistan -- The board of Pakistan Ordinance Factories has announced the construction of new facilities in Wah Cantonment to allow for the production of the Rbs 70 surface-to-air missile system. The plan however calls for more than just the construction of the production facilities, but will also come with a facility that will teach and educate Pakistani workers and engineers on mastering the skills needed to produce the advanced systems. "Pakistan Ordinance Factories is taking a major step with this program," a POF spokesperson told reporters. "With this new investment, Pakistan Ordinance Factories will become one of the leading arms manufacturers in the world." The new construction, which will add to POF's already extensive facilities at Wah, will include new facilities to enable the construction of the missile's guidance systems, propulsion systems, and other technologically complicated components, which current POF facilities are unable to accomodate, and will add hundreds of new jobs to POF's payroll in Wah. Locals in Wah are generally supportive of the measure, as new development means new jobs, even if most of the workers are brought in from Pakistan's major urban centers. "Wah and Taxila are highly educated towns precisely because the best and brightest come here," Wah's mayor told the press. The move has also been popular among Pakistan's military, and pro-military factions within Pakistan's society, as it represents an important attempt at modernization. "The Rbs 70 system is a fine, extremely modern system," Admiral Mohammad Shariff, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, announced in a press release praising the expansion. "It's production, here in Pakistan, shows the world that we are truly a modern power." Despite the optimism in at both POF and the Pakistani military it is not expected that Pakistan will be able to produce any Rbs 70 systems until at least 1983. "Obtaining the blueprints for the system is just one element, however there is much more to it than having the blueprint to build a system, especially if it ventures into areas where there is limited to no knowledge," one analyst told WWN. Adding that he believed that the entire process could even take longer than what is estimated at the moment. "POF will surely encounter issues in this project, and those could definitely delay the project as a whole," he added. _____ Pakistan: Domestic popularity: +2.00% Domestic popularity: -1.00% GDP growth: +0.31-0.35% Funding deducted, although many a wondering why the military itself is not financing the project. Contact me in late 1982 for an update. Edited by Jos1311, Apr 12 2016, 01:45 AM.
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| Jos1311 | Apr 12 2016, 04:52 AM Post #5 |
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Are Moscow and Babrak Kamal caving in to the demands of Mujahdeen? May 1980 ![]() MOSCOW | Soviet Union -- In a surprise move it has been announced by Chairman of the Council of Ministers Babrak Karmal that various policies instituted under the previous government will be either halted or completely undone. Among the policies that will be suspended are the laws that banned practicing religion, while the plans of providing women more freedom will also be halted. At the same time Karmal announced that Moscow also gave permission to for the time being cancel the recently introduced Marxist-Leninist land reforms. Analysts believe that by making this announcement Karmal, and the Soviet Union, hope to win back some support among the population, who appear to be very much against Moscow and the pro-Moscow course that was introduced under Karmal and his predecessor. It was also announced that plans are in the making for an amended Constitution, however very little is known about this at the moment. Sources within Afghanistan have revealed that both Moscow and Karmal expected that these announcement would ensure and end to most of the fierce resistance to Soviet influence in Afghanistan, however many sources are reporting that the move is actually fueling the support for various Mujahdeen groups. "Many in Afghanistan see this as a major political victory for the Mujahdeen, and believe this to be a clear indication of the unwillingness of Moscow to commit to stabilizing Afghanistan," one source told WWN. Another added that it was clear Moscow had no intention to stay in Afghanistan for a prolonged period of time. The announcement rather than strengthen the position of pro-Moscow Karmal has actually weakened it. "Karmal is very reliant on Soviet support, and without it, he will not retain his position," one analysts explains. The move will most likely have some effect upon the desertion levels of the Afghan army, as well as the recruitment efficiency of the Mujahdeen. However many suggest that rather than stabilize the situation, it has resulted in deteriorating the situation. And while the political situation in the country is now considered to be unstable, it is also becoming clear that thousands of Afghans are fleeing their country. In the past months both Iran and Pakistan have taken in several thousands of refugees and it is expected that more will follow. The United Nations has already urged the international community to address this issue, as it predicts that before year's end there will be some 150,000 refugees in Pakistan, and around 50,000 in Iran. _____ Some 200,000 Afghan refugees predicted to reach Iran and Pakistan before the end of the year, possibly more depending on the situation in the country itself. Soviet Union: Domestic popularity: +1.00% Domestic popularity: -2.00% International popularity: -2.50% Many believe that these sudden policy changes make Moscow look extremely weak, and that it is caving in to the demands of the Mujahdeen. Afghanistan: Domestic popularity: +1.00% Domestic popularity: -2.00% Many are getting the impression that the government is extremely weak and this could be perceived as a final attempt to salvage its position. Edited by Jos1311, Apr 12 2016, 05:26 AM.
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| Jos1311 | Apr 17 2016, 11:34 AM Post #6 |
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OIC members announce they will not participate in upcoming Olympics June 1980 ![]() JEDDAH | Saudi Arabia -- What has been reported on an earlier occasion was confirmed earlier today. At an Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) meeting in Jeddah, a large number of the groups 43 members voted in favor of not participating in next month's Olympic Games, due to the ongoing military intervention by Soviet forces in Afghanistan. According to a source within the OIC only three members voted against the boycott of the Olympics, these member states being Algeria, Iraq, and North Yemen. At the same time a similar number remains undecided on the matter, as Cairo, Damascus and Tehran have not yet made an official decision on the matter. The source further added that Indonesia, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia appeared to be the most vocal supporters of the boycott. Analysts and experts believe the announcement should be viewed as a strong political statement against the Soviet policies, in particular due to the fact that the plans were so widely carried among the group's member states. "From a sportive side of affairs the boycott is far less significant," one expert told WWN. Moscow has not yet given an official reaction, but most experts agree that the boycott is a significant setback for the Soviet Union, _____ USSR: Domestic popularity: +0.50% Domestic popularity: -0.25% International popularity: -1.00% Edited by Jos1311, Apr 17 2016, 11:34 AM.
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| Chris | Apr 20 2016, 05:32 AM Post #7 |
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Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Former Shah of Iran, Dies in Exile in Egypt. July 1980 CAIRO | Egypt -- Mohammad Reza was enthroned as shah of Iran in 1941, after his father was forced to abdicate by British and Soviet troops. The new shah promised to act as a constitutional monarch but often meddled in the elected government’s affairs. After a communist plot against him was thwarted in 1949, he took on even more powers. However, in the early 1950s, the shah was eclipsed by Mohammad Mosaddeq, a zealous Iranian nationalist who convinced the Parliament to nationalize Britain’s extensive oil interests in Iran. Mohammad Reza, who maintained close relations with Britain and the United States, opposed the decision. Nevertheless, he was forced in 1951 to appoint Mosaddeq premier, and two years of tension followed. In August 1953, Mohammad Reza attempted to dismiss Mosaddeq, but the premier’s popular support was so great that the shah himself was forced out of Iran. A few days later, British and U.S. intelligence agents orchestrated a stunning coup d’etat against Mosaddeq, and the shah returned to take power as the sole leader of Iran. He repealed Mosaddeq’s legislation and became a close Cold War ally of the United States in the Middle East. In 1963, the shah launched his “White Revolution,” a broad government program that included land reform, infrastructure development, voting rights for women, and the reduction of illiteracy. Although these programs were applauded by many in Iran, Islamic leaders were critical of what they saw as the westernization of Iran. Ruhollah Khomeini, a Shiite cleric, was particularly vocal in his criticism and called for the overthrow of the shah and the establishment of an Islamic state. In 1964, Khomeini was exiled and settled across the border in Iraq, where he sent radio messages to incite his supporters. The shah saw himself foremost as a Persian king and in 1971 held an extravagant celebration of the 2,500th anniversary of the pre-Islamic Persian monarchy. In 1976, he formally replaced the Islamic calendar with a Persian calendar. Religious discontent grew, and the shah became more repressive, using his brutal secret police force to suppress opposition. This alienated students and intellectuals in Iran, and support for the exiled Khomeini increased. Discontent was also rampant in the poor and middle classes, who felt that the economic developments of the White Revolution had only benefited the ruling elite. In 1978, anti-shah demonstrations broke out in Iran’s major cities. On September 8, 1978, the shah’s security force fired on a large group of demonstrators, killing hundreds and wounding thousands. Two months later, thousands took to the streets of Tehran, rioting and destroying symbols of westernization, such as banks and liquor stores. Khomeini called for the shah’s immediate overthrow, and on December 11 a group of soldiers mutinied and attacked the shah’s security officers. His regime collapsed, and on January 16, 1979, he fled the country. Fourteen days later, the Ayatollah Khomeini returned after 15 years of exile and took control of Iran. The shah travelled to several countries before entering the United States in October 1979 for medical treatment of his cancer. In Tehran, Islamic militants responded on November 4 by storming the U.S. embassy and taking the staff hostage. |
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| Jos1311 | Apr 24 2016, 10:43 AM Post #8 |
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Despite Islamic boycott Games are a huge success August 1980 MOSCOW | Soviet Union -- As most of the Islam world boycotted the Summer Olympics in Moscow, the city became the first Eastern Bloc capital to host the Olympic Games. That historic decision was taken on October 23, 1974, at the 75th session of the International Olympic Committee in Vienna. Before the final voting, the runner-ups were Los Angeles and Moscow. In the end, the Soviet capital won with 39 votes against 20. From that moment, the country began large-scale preparations for its first ever Olympics and for the first in the history of the USSR Olympic torch relay. The torch started on June 21 in Athens, and ran through Communist Bloc countries via Sofia, Bucharest, Chisinau, Kiev, Kharkov, culminating in Moscow. The USSR had just five years to prepare for the 1980 Olympics and during that time, the organizers managed to take on the enormous project. In a matter of several years, more than 90 Olympic facilities were built, including the Olimpiysky sports center, a rowing canal and velodrome in Krylatskoye, Sheremetyevo-2 airport, the Cosmos hotel, the Olympic village, a new building at the Ostankino TV center, and the Olympics press center, which now houses the RIA Novosti news agency. In addition, the Izmaylovo hotel complex was built, which made it to the Guinness Book of Records as Europe's biggest hotel with a capacity to house 10,000 guests. Topping off the construction spree was the country's largest stadium, Luzhniki. The Moscow underground, too, was given a facelift for the Olympics. To foreign visitors it seemed like a real museum, beautiful and grand. Its impressive looks were supplemented with fast escalators and electronic clocks showing the exact time to the second. The lighting was also improved, with new fluorescent lamps used in the carriages. Station announcements were done in two languages, Russia and English; while travelcards had inscriptions in English, German and French. In order to raise funds for the "construction project of the century" and not to undermine the budget, the country's leadership took an unconventional decision, at least for the Soviet economic system: It would hold a national sports lottery. There were eight draws held across the whole of the USSR Half of the revenues generated by the lottery went to fund preparations of the Soviet republics' teams for the games. Thus millions of people took part in the Olympics lottery, making their contribution to the 1980 Summer Games. Despite fears that other countries aside the Muslim world would boycott the games, especially when it came to the use of new technologies, many of the world's leading technology companies did provide their equipment and expertise, as was originally planned. Critics stated that as a result a large amount of the money allocated for new technologies was spent abroad. "We have spent a lot of money on ensuring these Games could be broadcast all over the world, and most of that money was spent in the West, in particular the United States. This was definitely a missed opportunity to gain additional knowledge and technologies," one critic told WWN. Everybody noted the improvements undertaken in Moscow ahead of the Games, as well as a surge in patriotism and enthusiasm for sports generated by the Olympics. "Everything was impeccably clean, there were smartly dressed people in the streets… Everything was organized at the best possible level," said Tatyana Kochergina, an 1980 Olympic champion in handball. "Foreign athletes too were impressed by how well the Moscow games were organized. For instance, Elisabeth Max-Theurer, the 1980 Olympic champion in Individual Dressage from Austria, admitted that she was in tears when "the big Russian bear was floating away into the sky" at the closing ceremony. ![]() Internationally, the Moscow Olympics considerably boosted the Soviet Union's image on the political arena. Contrary to expectations, the USSR demonstrated its ability to conduct global-scale events. At the same time Eastern European athletes won no less 110 golden medals, while both the Soviet Union and East Germany defeated the United States and West Germany in the medal tables. _____ Soviet Union: Domestic popularity: +3.00% Domestic popularity: -1.00% International popularity: +2.00% International popularity: -1.00% Source
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| Chris | May 4 2016, 10:34 AM Post #9 |
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John Lennon Shot Dead in New York December 1980 ![]() NEW YORK CITY | United States -- Former Beatle John Lennon has been shot dead by an unknown gunman who opened fire outside the musician's New York apartment. The 40-year-old was shot several times as he entered the Dakota, his luxury apartment building on Manhattan's Upper West Side, opposite Central Park, at 2300 local time. He was rushed in a police car to St Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, where he died. His wife, Yoko Ono, who is understood to have witnessed the attack, was with him. A police spokesman said a suspect was in custody, but he had no other details of the shooting. "This was no robbery," the spokesman said, adding that Mr Lennon was probably shot by a "deranged" person. Witness reports say at least three shots were fired and others have claimed they heard six. There are also reports Mr Lennon staggered up six steps into the vestibule after he was shot, before collapsing. Jack Douglas, Lennon's producer, said he and the Lennons had been at a studio called the Record Plant in mid-town earlier in the evening and Lennon left at 2230. Mr Lennon said he planned to have some dinner and then return home, Mr Douglas said. The Lennons are said to have left their limousine on the street and walked up the driveway when the gunman opened fire. It is unclear whether the man had been lying in wait in the entrance to the building for Mr Lennon, or whether he came up behind him. Witnesses describe the gunman as a "pudgy kind of man", 35 to 40 years old with brown hair. Other former band members, Paul McCartney, guitarist George Harrison and drummer Ringo Starr are thought to have been informed of Lennon's murder. Fans have already begun arriving at the scene, many still unaware Lennon has died. Mr Lennon is survived by his wife, their son Sean, and his son from a previous marriage, Julian. _________ The world mourns the death of a music legend. |
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| Eryk | May 18 2016, 05:18 PM Post #10 |
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China to "double military production capacity" according to reports March 1981 ![]() BEIJING | China -- Bolstered by ever-stronger growth and development efforts, the People's Republic of China has reportedly embarked on a major program of defense-based industrialization. The ambitious government plan, consisting of considerable investment for educational and construction efforts, is meant to "significantly increase the manufacturing and production capacity of native-designed and native-built military arms," according to reports by Western intelligence communities. The efforts are apparently comprehensive, representing a major shift in China's approach to defense, emphasizing the development of a strong domestic arms industry as cooperation slowly increases with the West. Some Western politicians responded with support, emphasizing that China was a "strong counterweight to an increasingly aggressive and hegemonic Soviet Union." Conversely, the developments likely worry the Kremlin, which has had strong ideological, diplomatic, and territorial disputes with the People's Republic of China as recently as two years ago when China invaded Vietnam. "This is likely a catch-all response; first to the threat of the Soviet Union and armed conflict as a result of very profound territorial disputes, and second as a modernization effort to bridge gaps in quantity that was suffered during the Sino-Vietnamese War," said a Western analyst. China's largest military manufacturers, including Norinco, the Shenyang Aircraft Corporation, the Harbin Aircraft Industry Group, the Jiangnan Shipyard, Capital Astronautics Co., the Bohai Shipyard, and many others, have seen activity over the past several weeks. Neighboring lands to existing factory complexes have been requisitioned, and development has begun on skeletons of what have been identified as future production facilities as well as basic living facilities and dormitories. The communist government launched its own propaganda campaign regarding the otherwise secretive project, encouraging individuals to join military-industrial corporations. Government spokespersons for the People's Republic of China released a statement for foreign media consumption, which read that the People's Republic "is investing in our nation's security and future through the creation of more jobs and more production capacity. China must be able to depend on itself for its own defense." ______ PRC: Domestic Popularity: +1.00% GDP Growth: +0.04% Please conduct a moderator at the stated dates and deduct the cost from your procurement budget. |
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12:13 AM Jul 11
